Conflict Resolution Strategies for Team Dynamics

Conflict Resolution Strategies for Team Dynamics Free Online Research Papers This paper will describe the benefits and challenges of working in teams, as it relates to conflict resolution strategies. Additionally, I will examine how teams can enhance their performance and realize more benefit. Introduction First, we must understand that teams consist of personnel with varied backgrounds, experience, education, and intellectual ability. These differences will, by nature lend themselves to varying perceptions in business, its problems and solutions, which result in conflicts within the team. conflict has more to do with personal styles than the actual problem. Team leaders bring together certain people who possess the necessary aptitude to solve a particular problem but do not take in consideration the problem-solving styles, or cognitive styles, of the individuals involved. (Falcioni, 2007) When management selects individuals for a team, the emphasis should be placed on what each member brings to the team. An example, if a member displays talent in a given area, but has the attitude of â€Å"Get out of the way, or get run over,† the team should be balanced with an individual who is less aggressive. He/she should possess a control factor, which will not allow the value of a â€Å"team† to diminish. This will bring cohesion between the members and not highlight just one individual. If the aggressive individual continues without a balancing factor, the team will lose the benefits of what other members have to offer. It is of the utmost importance to choose a varied group of individuals that will keep each other in check. Good leadership in those choosing the right members is only the beginning. Teamwork cannot be demanded. Everyone involved must discuss and understand what the goal is and what is required of them. Teams should have traits such as goals and ob jectives, empowerment, trust, authentic participation, innovation, creativity, risk taking and leadership. (Temme and Katzel, 1995) While finding a good balance, conflicts will most certainly arise. Conflict resolution strategies must be utilized, for the team to be effective and meet the goals and objective of their assignment. These conflicts may be more evident in certain types of teams more so than in others. Conflict is common when working in teams. Its is important to have team meeting in order to lay out potential problems and disagreements and prepare to support the teams final decision. (Weinstein, 2007) In resolving conflict, ask the question, â€Å"How do we keep this from happening again?† The first thing is to be objective. This helps in managing conflict by keeping team members focused on the problem at hand (Huber, 2007) In the following section, we will see that there are several types of teams to be discussed. Regardless of the type team, conflicts are inevitable and therefore, resolutions must be found to remain productive. Team types In an effort to address types of conflict resolution strategies, we must first know a little about the teams themselves. In today’s business world, there are four basic team types. Cross-functional teams These include members from various departments or business specialties such as marketing, information systems, communications, public relations, operations, human resources, accounting, finance, planning, research and development, and legal. Cross-functional teams are usually charged with developing new products or investigating and improving a companywide problem such as the need to increase speed and efficiency across departmental lines or the need to adopt a new companywide computer system. Cross-functional teams derive their strength from diversity. By including representatives from all or most of an organization’s primary functional areas, the team can diagnose a problem from multiple perspectives simultaneously, ensuring that all relevant points of view are taken into account. This can speed up the problem solving process and result in an outcome that is more readily accepted by the various departments that are affected by the change. Self-managed teams These are â€Å"groups of employees who are responsible for a complete, self-contained package of responsibilities that relate either to a final product or an ongoing process.†15 Also known as self-directed, self-maintained, or self-regulating, self-managed teams are typically given a charge by senior management and then are given virtually complete discretion over how, when, and what to do to attain their objective. Self-managed teams are expected to coordinate their work without ongoing direction from a supervisor or manager. Self-managed teams set their own norms, make their own planning schedules, set up ways to keep relevant members and others informed of their progress, determine how the work is going to be accomplished, and are held accountable for their end product or â€Å"deliverable.† Many of these teams are responsible for hiring, training, and firing team members. The flattening of organizational structures, resulting in less hierarchy and fewer managers, m akes self-directed teams a popular concept in business today. Task Force This is an ad hoc, temporary project team assembled to develop a product, service, or system or to solve a specific problem or set of problems. Companies are always faced with the challenge of getting ongoing, day-to-day work done while utilizing available resources to work on various change processes or product innovations. For example, a technology company might designate a group to study the next wave in software development while others are maintaining and servicing existing software programs. Often task force members are individuals who have demonstrated interest or skill in the area being examined by the task force, so the members are enthusiastic about the project and its potential. Process Improvement teams These teams focus on specific methods, operations, or procedures and are assembled with the specific goal of enhancing the particular component being studied. Process improvement teams are typically composed of individuals with expertise and experience in the process being reviewed. They are assigned the tasks of eliminating redundant steps, looking for ways to reduce costs, identifying ways to improve quality, or finding means for providing quicker, better customer service.16 Process improvement teams are often given training on problem solving tools and techniques to help them map processes, identify root causes of problems, and prioritize potential solutions. Each type teams are made up of individuals with differences in opinion, perspective, and understanding. Regardless of the type of team, none of these teams are immune to conflict. One difference that can be seen is in the self-managed team. These individuals probably have the same conflicts as other teams but it is not publicized due to the autonomy of their team. Below are strategies used in conflict resolution, which may be successful on any level, whether one on one relationships or team dynamics. It is not uncommon for teams to run into problems. Some of the few problems are the scarcity of resources, the differences of values, attitudes and perceptions, which include poor communications, inadequate organizational structure for teamwork, and unclear goals and responsibilities. It is not wise to have too many assistants for one worker. The order in which to prioritize the work can cause arguments. The solution is to appoint one manager among the four on a rotating basis to prioritize. Another problem touched on was poor communication. Do not take for granted that someone else is handing something and then find out nothing was done. A similar outcome is likely when goals and responsibilities are not clear. Managers need to communicate what an employee is responsible for, and provide feedback. (Weinstein, 2007) One could easily argue that teamwork is critical to business survival, especially when you consider that 80 percent of all small businesses fail within five years of inception. Choosing the best players to create a healthy group dynamic is essential. (Youngwirth, 2007) References Falcioni, J (2007). Conflict Resolution. Mechanical Engineering, 129, Retrieved Sept 8, 2007, from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=4hid=6sid=01fedb00ad65-48de- b208-896d30b68cd7%40SRCSM2 Guttman, H. (2005). Conflict Management: The Key to High Performance. manage Online, 3, Retrieved Sept 8, 2007, from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=3hid=104sid=8f2a9272-1928-463d-b47e- 86a05fbebbdc%40sessionmgr108 Huber, B. (2007). Maintenance and Operations conflicts. Rock Products, 110, Retrieved Sept 8, 2007, from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdf?vid=10hid=6sid=01fedb00-ad65- 48de-b208-896d30b68cd7%40SRCSM2 Temme, J, Katzel, J (1995). Calling a team a team doesnt mean that it is: successful teamwork must be a way of life. (teambuilding).. Plant Engineering, 49, Retrieved September 8, 2007, from http://find.galegroup.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/ips/infomark.do?contentSet=IAC DocumentsdocType=IACtype=retrievetabID=T003prodId=IPSdocId=A16497547 user GroupName=uphoenixversion=1.0searchType=BasicSearchFormsource=gale Weinstein, M (2007). Conquering Conflict. Training, 44, Retrieved Sept 8,2007, from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=3hid=2sid=fea5567a-4725-434c bdeb-429fc8d166d4%40SRCSM2 Youngwirth, J (2007). Do More than Dream About TeamworkCreate It. Journal of Financial Planning, 20, Retrieved Sept 8,2007, from http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=4hid=2sid=fea5567a-4725-434c- bdeb-429fc8d166d4%40SRCSM2 Research Papers on Conflict Resolution Strategies for Team DynamicsResearch Process Part OneThe Project Managment Office SystemThe Hockey GameThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThree Concepts of PsychodynamicAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductOpen Architechture a white paperQuebec and CanadaRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and

How to Make a Model of an Atom

How to Make a Model of an Atom Atoms are the smallest units of each element and the building blocks of matter. Heres how to make a model of an atom. Learn the Parts of the Atom The first step is to learn the parts of an atom so you know how the model should look. Atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. A simple traditional atom contains an equal number of each type of particle. Helium, for example, is shown using 2 protons, 2 neutrons, and 2 electrons. The form of an atom is due to the electric charge of its parts. Each proton has one positive charge. Each electron has one negative charge. Each neutron is neutral or carries no electric charge. Like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract each other, so you might expect the protons and electrons to stick to each other. Thats not how it works out  because there is a force that holds protons and neutrons together. The electrons are attracted to the core of protons/neutrons, but its like being in orbit around the Earth. You are attracted to the Earth by gravity, but when youre in orbit, you perpetually fall around the planet rather than down to the surface. Similarly, electrons orbit around the nucleus. Even if they fall toward it, they are moving too fast to stick. Sometimes electrons get enough energy to break free or the nucleus attracts additional electrons. These behaviors are the basis for why chemical reactions occur! Find Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons You can use any materials that you can stick together with sticks, glue, or tape. Here are some ideas: If you can, use three colors, for protons, neutrons, and electrons. If youre trying to be as realistic as possible, its worth knowing protons and neutrons are about the same size as each other, while electrons are much smaller. Presently, it is believed each particle is round. Material Ideas Ping pong ballsGumdropsFoam ballsClay or doughMarshmallowsPaper circles (taped to paper) Assemble the Atom Model The nucleus or core of each atom consists of protons and neutrons. Make the nucleus by sticking protons and neutrons to each other. For a helium nucleus, for example, you would stick 2 protons and 2 neutrons together. The force that holds the particles together is invisible. You can stick them together using glue or whatever is handy. Electrons orbit around the nucleus. Each electron carries a negative electrical charge that repels other electrons, so most models show the electrons spaced as far apart from each other as possible. Also, the distance of the electrons from the nucleus is organized into shells that contain a set number of electrons. The inner shell holds a maximum of two electrons. For a helium atom, place two electrons the same distance from the nucleus, but on opposite sides of it. Here are some materials you could attach the electrons to the nucleus: Invisible nylon fishing lineStringToothpicksDrinking straws How to Model an Atom of a Particular Element If you want to make a model of a particular element, take a look at a periodic table. Every element in the periodic table has an atomic number. For example, hydrogen is element number 1 and carbon is element number 6. The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom of that element. So, you know you need 6 protons to make a model of carbon. To make a carbon atom, make 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. Bundle the protons and neutrons together to make the nucleus and put the electrons outside the atom. Note that the model gets slightly more complicated when you have more than 2 electrons (if youre trying to model as realistically as possible) because only 2 electrons fit into the inner shell. You can use an electron configuration chart to determine how many electrons to put into the next shell. Carbon has 2 electrons in the inner shell and 4 electrons in the next shell. You could further subdivide the electron shells into their subshells, if you wish. The same process can be used to make models of heavier elements.

Veolia Environment and Global Compact Principle Assignment - 3

Veolia Environment and Global Compact Principle - Assignment Example Veolia Water has developed many strategies to deal with environmental issues. Veolia Water has prepared innovative systems such as wireless meter reading which can monitor the water consumption and control the wastage of water. The good performance of Veolia Environment ensures that it is well positioned towards making recommendations to Local Network (Howard & Mas 2005). Veolia Environnement has played an active role in fighting against the GHG (Greenhouse Gas) emission and has successfully reduced the direct emission. Veolia Environnement converts fossil energy into thermal energy. Veolia Environnement is striving to improve the efficiency of energy facilities. It has developed waste to energy process and decreased usage consumption. It has evaluated the design of the system to recover energy in electric buses and tramways. The company created a modeling tool which enumerates the air renewal rate in a refrigerating warehouse and also can regulate cold air generation according to th e requirement. Veolia Environnement had developed projects to improve the maintenance of water supply systems that can prevent the leakage of water and also reduce the energy consumption related to excess–production of drinking water. In the year 2006, Veolia Environnement developed a custom-built ‘Pilot Biomass Boiler’. The main aim of this machine is to evaluate the energy and environmental relevance of different biofuels. The ‘Pilot Biomass Boiler’ has the capacity of producing warm water for approximately 40 families. The local network can be benefitted by the various solution of Veolia Environment regarding drinking water and GHG emission (Veolia Environnement Research & Development 2008). Veolia Environnement is the only company which can deal with solid as well as liquid, hazardous and nonhazardous waste. It offers an effective solution for the collection of waste, treatment, and recovery. It services produce electricity and heat from non†“recyclable waste. Its energy recovery plants and landfills can produce renewable energy which can decrease the requirement of fossil fuel for producing electricity. Over the years, Veolia Environnement developed ‘new solutions’ in order to produce bioenergy, and biogas which can be generated by waste fermentation. Veolia can also transform and recycle the cooking oil into biofuel which can be used as industrial production. The biogas which is derived from waste can fulfill the energy need of people and industry. Veolia can provide energy through the removal of waste in local networks which can fulfill the energy needs as well as purify the environment through decreasing the waste (Veolia Environnement Communication Department 2009). Veolia Environnement’s wastewater treatment focuses on to evade water contagion, combat the deterioration in ecological balances and meet the requirement of fresh water (Veolia Water 2010). Veolia Water recycles the wastewater from sewage plants. It supports as well as produces and operates the widest possible range of water solution for people needs. Veolia’s recycling of water involves elucidation, bio cure, filtration, membrane, disinfection, and wastewater recovery installation.

Economic Crisis in Europe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economic Crisis in Europe - Essay Example This report will discuss the root causes of economic crisis in Greek and Spain followed by discussing some economic and financial strategies these countries have implemented to deal with the on-going economic and financial problems within its banking sector. Eventually, several lessons drawn from the public policies which aim to improve the performance of the banking industry in Greece and Spain including the broader economy in general will be tackled in details. Prior to conclusion, potential implications on other European economies and the U.S. will be identified if the on-going European economic crisis is left unmanaged. Root Causes of Economic Crisis in Greek and Spain The economic crisis in Greek started in mid-2000s when the country was adversely affected by the global financial crisis. Specifically the global financial crisis during the mid-2000s has triggered a significant impact on its tourism, banking, insurance, and shipping industry (Talebi, 2012). To keep its economy sus tainable, the Greek government went through a series of loan from the European Union (EU), the European Central Bank (ECB), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and some major banks in France and Germany (Alderman & Ewing, 2012; The New York Times, 2012). Since the total government deficit of Greece has reached $400 billion, its interest rate increases while the Fitch downgraded its sovereign debt rating to â€Å"BB+ status† or â€Å"junk status† (Hurriyet Daily News, 2012; Kollewe & Neville, 2012; The New York Times, 2011). As a result of excessive government deficit, Europe’s economic recovery is now being threatened (The New York Times, 2012). The case of Spain is similar but totally different from Greece. Even though the Spanish government has incurred a high government deficit, this country managed to cut down its government deficit from 11.2% down to 9.2%, and 8.5% in 2009, 2010, and 2011 respectively (Weardan, 2012; Johnson, 2011). Due to high unemploym ent rate of 23.3% (Eurostat, 2012), Spain is unable to control its private mortgage debt (The Economist, 2012). Eventually, failure to manage the private mortgage debt can lead to economic problem related to housing bubble (Egan, 2012; Smyth, Callanan, & Doyle, 2012). Economic and Financial Strategies Implemented by Greek and Spain In general, government bailout is considered as a significant part of a country’s gross debt but not as a sovereign debt. For this reason, the Greek and Spanish governments are using government bailouts as a strategy to solve their economic and financial problems. Specifically the Greek government started requesting for a series of bailout loans to make its economy run under a normal economic condition. Back then, its first bailout loan worth $146.2 billion (â‚ ¬110 billion) happened on the 1st of May 2010 (BBC News, 2012) followed by its second bailout loan worth â‚ ¬130 billion in October 2011 (The New York Times, 2012). Using these bailout loans, the Greek government was able to reduce its primary government deficits even before it reaches the interest payments. As a result, the Greek government was able to cut down its deficit from â‚ ¬24.7billion in 2009 (Smith, 2012) to â‚ ¬5.2 in 2011 (Financial Info, 2012). There are several economic consequences with regards to Greek government’s decision to increase taxes on private sectors. First of all, its private sector and the overall economic growth of the country that is badly affected with the use of

Family and Doctor Essay Example for Free

Family and Doctor Essay Before I go with the topic to express â€Å"Why I want to be a part of Yashoda’s Young Doctor’s Camp†. I like to tell a small incident that had changed my goal and the way I really got admired. The incident took place when I was studying in class 6. I was suffering with high fever, and then usually my parents took me to the nearby doctor. This was the time when my brain was concentrating seriously, I observed that all the patients were keen to meet the doctor and express their disarray. They relied on the doctor totally which was easily understood by their smiling faces after consulting the doctor. They also believed that he was the only one who can cure their disarray. This made me to think that the profession of a doctor has a high position in the society and he is the one who will be trusted forever. Then I have decided to have my goal to become a doctor. I started to work hard from that moment towards my goal. Even I used to have a feeling in my mind that I can really do my best to prove myself. From then I started to work hard in the field of science . This showed me immense results . I was able to maintain a huge patience in my all works. And even I started to analyze what should be maintained to have a good health. Being a doctor is really tough and it will need huge patience and hard work. I want to relate to another incident that took place in my life when I was 2 years old. Don’t be shocked that how I can remember what happened when I was two years old it is not magic, but my father revealed it to me. I used to live with my grandparents those days. I was suffering with heavy motions those days. My grandfather was cautious about the viral infections and took me to the hospital for treatment. The doctor gave me a medicine named with ‘G’. My grandpa gave the prescription to the pharmaceutical shop person. H e gave the medicine to my grandpa and it was given to me. But, the results after using the medicine were different; my disarray was not cured for even after some days. This made my grandpa to check the medicine he found that a single letter ‘I’ was misplaced with a letter ‘r’. This incident when my father was saying I was amazed to know that a single letter plays a vital role. I learnt that a doctor should be always aware about his actions and I started to think before once before I do anything. This will make me to take good decisions. But I think this will not be the trait of the real doctor’s as they are really very much experienced in their profession. This made me also realize that to become a good doctor we should be experienced in the profession. So I think by now you might have made a picture what kind of girl I am. I possess patience, I believe in truth; I will take the responsibility for my action’s and I will believe in the word â€Å"trust†. And I believe that being a doctor is like giving a commitment to serve for the society. So, before I go on with expressing my curriculum performance, I have to say a few lines on Yashoda Hospitals. They were really awesome and the doctor’s are really friendly and caring. You can ask me how I can say this feedback. I have an original experience with Yashoda hospitals. W hen my uncle had an accident in the industry almost his hand fingers were crashed. When we immediately rushed to the nearby hospitals they said that the whole hand should be removed. The pain felt by my aunt when she heard this was still in my heart. Then my father had a thought with him to take to the Yashoda hospital will be a good way. Only a single second after his words, we rushed to the Yashoda hospital. We observed that the crews of Yashoda Hospital were really caring towards the patients. Then we met the doctor and he said that no problem to the hand it will be cured with an operation. This stunned me that there are different kinds of treatments going on. And this even made me clear that Yashoda hospital doctors are the ones with immense character and also they believe in the proper treatment. And I forgot to mention that I take care of the animals suffering with hunger as instructed by my biology teacher to take care of the poor ones by giving them food. This was one of the reasons why I rushed to my teacher when she said I am eligible for a camp with Yashoda hospital doctors. And then coming to my curriculum I am good at Physics, Chemistry and Biology. I even do my bit good to get higher grade in maths. Coming to the languages I know I can speak in Telugu, English and a bit of Hindi. I am helpful and friendly with my friends. I will respect the elders. And I am always ready to learn anything. I have high confidence in myself. I will concentrate in my studies to show good performance through my higher grades. I even take almost everything serious except a fight with my sister. I will read books a lot. I will usually gather good science facts and the collection of things which I felt amazed will be with me always. I don’t get irritated fast. I will even take good exercise and balanced diet to keep my body fit. I will also gather the up to date information about the new techniques in the treatment of patients. I am lso a bit patriotic because I feel that doing something to the mother land is really a great job. This was one of the main reason why I chose to be a doctor because I can serve my country. I believe in the principles of Abdul kalam and Mother Teresa. I would also state one of the main aspects of mine which my mom says wrong, but I feel it is right; the query is that I usually work hard by sitting to study at least for 5 hours a day. But my mom says you should study even hard, but I believe in studying with concentration and practical experiences rather sitting like a book worm. I believe the fact that if you love your work you will excel in it. I think these are the qualities I posses and it is up to you whether you select me. I want to experience originally how a doctor behaves and correct myself if am doing a mistake now itself so that I can excel in my profession better in the next coming years. I believe that these are the traits that are of a doctor. If I missed anything, I will learn it through Yashoda hospital doctors in the camp. I hope that I will get selected for this camp, and I believe that one day I will surely be a good doctor.

Esek vs Hopkins :: essays research papers

The birth of the United States Navy on 13 October 1775 formed a defensive measure in response to the growing need to protect the commerce of a developing nation from the then largest navy in the world, the British fleet. Esek Hopkins, the brother of a powerful Rhode Island politician found himself selected as the first Commander in Chief of the Continental Navy. During the French and Indian War, Hopkins quickly emerged as an experienced merchantman as well as a participant in the profitable privateering of British commerce vessels. On Hopkins’ first mission as Commander in Chief, he found himself in a bind and resorts to his skills as a privateer rather than a Continental naval officer. Years later the United States continued to have problems with commerce raiders, this time with the Barbary Pirates of the Mediterranean Sea. A young man, the son of a Revolutionary privateer, became the answer to this problem; he was known as Stephen Decatur. Decatur led many successful missio ns in the Mediterranean and became famous for his leadership and heroism. A comparison of the careers of Hopkins and Decatur proves that the success of naval leaders depends not only upon their skill as mariners, but also upon experience, judgment, and luck.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Both Hopkins and Decatur came from seafaring families and were skilled sailors, but Decatur’s experience as a naval officer gave him an advantage over Hopkins. After ten years as a shipmaster on the West Indies Route, Hopkins proved his naval prowess as a successful privateer during the French and Indian War, indicating that he was â€Å"as good a warrior as a trader.† However, his lack of experience showed in his battle with the Glasgow, where he exercised little control over the ships within his command, operating as privateers rather than as a fleet. While Decatur had fewer years at sea, he had more military skill than Hopkins primarily because he garnered his experience within an organized navy rather than as a privateer operating independently. As a result, one could expect Decatur to be more successful in organized naval battles than Hopkins.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Decatur did not necessarily show better judgment than Hopkins, but his lapses of judgment seemed more popularly acceptable. Hopkins did not adequately consider political context in his decision-making. His actions in leaving the southern colonies unprotected in order to capture a fort in the Bahamas and his offering of the spoils to the northern colonies without consulting Congress showed his insensitivity to the need of the new nation to overcome separatism.

Failure and Young People

1. 4 – Explain when and why inquiries and serious case reviews are required and how the sharing of the findings informs practice. Serious cases of child abuse are when the child is physically injured repeatedly or neglected, which then results in their untimely death. An inquiry into the case is carried out to find out how the child or young person died and how the system failed to protect and prevent this. Serious cases are also recorded and reviewed to give agencies examples of failures to which they can improve on. As stated by Tassoni et al (2010) pg 113, ‘Society has a duty to protect children and young people’ and should be able to do this by having effective communication between all the organisations involved in the protection of children and young people. These organisations such as local authorities, police, education welfare, hospitals etc, are supported by legislation, policies and procedures to help them in their duty of protecting children. Organisations fail in the protection of children when they do not follow the legislation and guidelines set out for them. In the inquiry of Victoria Climbie’s case, the failure to follow proper procedure to protect her led to high-profile media attention because the people involved did not do their duty to keep her safe from the abuse she received from her guardians. The lack of communication between her social workers, doctors, nurses and the police was the reason why her guardians were allowed to continue abusing her till she died. When a serious case is reviewed, agencies such as the local safeguarding authorities or the NSPCC aim to find out what failings the case had and how to make recommendations on how to improve legislation and guidelines, and also how to prevent future serious cases of child abuse. Communication and co-operation between all the agencies involved in the protection of children and young people is important because this helps to ensure their welfare and to promote their well-being.

The Force of Circumstance

Brief summaryGuy, an administrator of a small British colonial outpost, has lived there for ten years. When he was on holiday in England he met Doris. They married and she returned to the station with him. At first they are very happy but then Doris notices a young Malay woman with three half-caste children hanging around the bungalow and annoying Guy very much. Finally Guy confesses that he had a relationship with the woman and that the children are his.Doris needs time to consider this shattering news, in the meantime they continue to live as before but Doris refuses to share her bedroom with her husband and the atmosphere is strained. Eventually Doris returns to England although she knows that Guy loves her and understands that he acted out of loneliness. But she cannot overcome her prejudices and cannot accept the idea that her white husband has had an intimate relationship with a native. Guy, unhappy and lonely, allows the Malay woman and their children to come back.Structure of the plotThe story is carefully constructed like a five-act drama with tension rising to the climax of Guy’s disclosure speech.exposition – introduction to the exotic scenery and the harmonious couplerising conflict – the confrontation of charactersclimax – Guy’s monologue and Doris’s reactionfalling action – Doris’s long suffering and period of indecisiondenouement – Doris’s leaving and the restoration of the former circumstancesThere are hints at the beginning which foreshadow the crisis and you will probably guess from the first mention of the half-caste boys what the conflict in the story is about. What creates the tension is the desire to know how Doris will cope with this situation.Doris says that she’s thankful Guy never had a Malay woman (p. 43 , ls. 1-2)D. cannot accept the excuses Guy makes for the behaviour of European men (p.43, ls.21-22)Guy’s unusual display of affection when he drew Dor is to him as she passed(p.45.ls.27-28)Guy’s â€Å"deathly white† face(p.47, l.3) when he sees the Malay woman at the tennis court and his  silent and bad play afterwards â€Å"there was a change in Guy† (p. 48, l.24)Guy’s â€Å"ashy† face (p.50, l.10) after his servant has roughly turned the woman away. â€Å"He was nervous and irritable† (p.51, ls. 6ff.)SettingThe story is set in the part of Borneo controlled by the British. Which area the story is set in is unclear and not of much importance, as Maugham uses the exotic setting to show the interaction between European and indigenous people and cultures. The newly arrived European woman views the surroundings with a mixture of fascination with the exotic and fear of the unknown. The tropical scenery is described in a way (esp. through colours and sounds) that reveals the mood of the characters.the lead-up to the dramatic climax of Guy’s disclosure is accompanied by a heavy storm, re inforcing the rising tensionthe disclosure is made under an open sky (â€Å"the night was starry†)sounds (as well as colours) gain an immediate presence, esp. the croak of the chik-chak, which appears at crucial moments in the storyDoris tries to import an English lifestyle into a home which until her arrival had contained mostly objects from the indigenous culture (p.44/45) —- her wedding presents, playing tennisCharactersGuyGuy is a fun-loving, cheerful, ugly and noisy sort of person. He has a naturally optimistic nature and likes to laugh a lot. Doris cannot resist his charm.Having lived all his life in the tropics and coming from a family tradition of colonial service, he seems to be the perfect type of colonial agent: he speaks the native language fluently and moves easily between two cultures. From his point of view there is nothing wrong with his ‘going native’.He regards the native woman as an inferior person who fulfils his physical needs and help s him overcome his loneliness, only to be pensioned off when  she is no longer needed. He feels no affection for his children, natives are treated as though they had no feelings or rights.DorisDoris is a pretty, honest person. Before marriage she had a not very important post as secretary to an MP and cared for her widowed mother. Her decision to marry Guy after knowing him for only a month may have been forced by the prospect of a more interesting and exotic life and material and social betterment. Doris is described as self-contained, competent and has ‘deft hands’.She dislikes Guy’s carelessness and is shocked by the behaviour of European colonizers and by her husband’s insensitivity to such immorality. Reasons why Doris will in the end decide against life with her husband:she is shocked at his strategy of hiding his former life from hershe is hurt when she learns the reasons why Guy married hershe cannot tolerate the irresponsible manner with which h e treats his black familyshe cannot stand the idea of him touching a black womanDoris is unable to overcome her middle-class British prejudices and instead of adapting to the new circumstances, of tolerating a certain degree of assimilation toward the native culture, she gives up a relatively happy marriage and returns to the purity of unhappiness and poverty.The Malay WomanShe is never called anything else but ‘the Malay woman’ or ‘the woman from the kampong’ and she never speaks, but her physical presence is strongly felt through her persistent gaze and the way she intrudes on Guy’s life. She is a powerful figure, determining the course of action to her advantage, finally taking over the role of the female in Guy’s home. Unlike Doris she is not humiliated by the existence of another woman and proudly claims her position as wife and mother. She is the stronger of the two .ThemesGoing NativeWhite men actually had a general fear of ‘going native’ which means adapting to the native way of life. So many white men in the colonies insisted on wearing European clothes or retained their typical European lifestyle.They  were afraid to lose their own identity in having too much contact with the natives which would threaten their authority and power. According to imperialist ideology they felt superior and an intermingling of the races had to be avoided. In fact it was very difficult for the white men in the colonies to resist the temptation of the native women because they were the only females around and their exoticism was very attractive. Isolation and loneliness often made the white men forget the standards of behaviour and their fear of ‘going native’.Daily Life in the Colonies  importation of the British lifestyle to the colonies ( tennis and cricket, afternoon cocktails, and leisure clubs )  contact with the homeland is kept up by newspapers and letters — the tropical climate structur es the rhythm of the day: they get up early to make the most of the cool morning, they indulge in long afternoon siestas and enjoy social engagements orThe Force of Circumstance sport towards the evening.Point of viewThe third-person narrator tells the story from an unlimited omniscient point of view, moving freely in and out of the protagonists’ minds. He observes, but does not make judgements.StyleA large portion of the story is taken up by dialogue, another theatrical element, and as there are few long descriptive or reflective passages the plot gains speed and concentration. The language used especially in the dialogues is informal and sometimes ironic The informal vocabulary, the relatively short, simple sentences and the passages of dialogue resemble spoken language. The descriptive passages of the landscape and the characters make use of more figurative language ( images and metaphors, similes, alliteration and inversion )The authorMaugham’s travels in the Pacif ic region were a turning point in his life for there he met a completely new type of person. †It seemed to me that these men had more vitality than those I had known â€Å". To him it was refreshing to discover people who did not live according to conventional European standards. Although in his colonial stories M. depicts the moral damage done  to colonial agents as well as to natives, he never questions the colonial system as such.

How enzyme ripeness in pineapple affects the setting of gelatine Essays

How enzyme ripeness in pineapple affects the setting of gelatine Essays How enzyme ripeness in pineapple affects the setting of gelatine Paper How enzyme ripeness in pineapple affects the setting of gelatine Paper Gelatine, more commonly known as Jelly, is a substance that consists mainly of collagen, a protein found in animal tendons and skin. The gelatine used for cooking purposes is usually in the form of granules. These granules swell when they are re-hydrated in water, but only fully dissolve in hot water. As this solution cools it sets to a moisture holding gel. This gel forms due to the proteins in gelatine joining to form a web like structure. In Module 1 A-level Biology, we learn about the structure of a protein molecule. A protein molecule is formed when amino acids join together by condensation, forming a peptide bond and water as a bi-product. A chain of many amino acids is known as a polypeptide and a protein can consist of one or more of these. The opposite of condensation is hydrolysis. When hydrolysis occurs a peptide bond is broken and water is used up in the reaction. There are specific enzymes called proteases (Module 2), which can be found in fruits such as pineapple, that speed up the hydrolysis reaction that breaks down protein molecules. From research I have found that it is a protease called bromelain found in pineapple, which in the scenario is preventing the gelatine from setting by breaking up the proteins forming the web like structure. It is also in Module 1 that we learn how enzymes perform such tasks, and the conditions that best suit them. Enzymes are proteins which act as catalysts. They have a tertiary structure that provides them with an active site; a groove in the enzyme surface that combines precisely with a substrate of a specific shape and charge. The lock and key hypothesis states that the substrate binds to the active site to form an enzyme substrate complex. The substrate is then altered to form the product of the reaction and is released from the active site. The induced fit hypothesis is a more recent theory which suggests that the active site actually changes shape to mould itself to the substrate. The tertiary structure of enzymes also causes them to be sensitive to temperature and pH, and an enzyme will denature in extremes of these conditions. When an enzyme denatures it is no longer functional because the active site has changed shape and consequently the substrate molecule will not be able to combine with the enzyme. Increasing the temperature gives molecules more kinetic energy, so they collide more frequently and the rate increases. This is also true for enzymes up to a certain point: the optimum temperature. Above this temperature, enzymes vibrate so much that their structure is damaged and the active site altered. A change in pH disrupts the charges; consequently the active site cannot bind to the substrate. Plants produce fruit to acts as a delivery system for seeds. Fruit consist of carbohydrates that make them taste sweet (Module 1), providing attractive food for animals, which will help aid the dispersion of the seeds. Ageing of fruit is known as ripening, and this process is designed to stop animals from eating the fruit before the seeds are fully developed. When under-ripe, pineapples would not be appealing to animals because they are green in colour, tough to eat and acidic. There are enzymes responsible for the ripening of fruit which break down the starch content to produce more sweet sugars and make the fruit softer, making it more edible. Therefore, altering the conditions which effect enzyme rate of reaction, will effect how quickly a pineapple will ripen. Other enzyme activity increases in the fruit during ripening, due to certain hormones (such as ethylene). Applying this rule to pineapple: the bromelain enzyme activity will increase as the pineapple ripens. If I were to put a pineapple in cold conditions, this would slow down the ripening process because the enzymes responsible would have less kinetic energy, and I am therefore indirectly reducing the activity of bromelain. In this investigation scenario, when under-ripe pineapple was used in jelly, it set better than when ripe pineapple was used. Taking in to consideration the information I have found out above, I propose that this could have occurred due to a protease enzyme that breaks down the protein in the jelly, which is more active in the ripe pineapple than the under ripe pineapple. I will now plan a full investigation to prove my proposal by testing pineapples at different stages of ripeness. I will place one pineapple (A) in a freezer for two weeks to stop the ripening process. Another pineapple (B) will be placed in a freezer for one week and kept at room temperature for the second week. The third pineapple (C) will be kept at room temperature for two weeks. I will make sure that any pineapples kept at room temperature will not be placed near a window or radiator where the temperature may fluctuate. The pineapples in the freezer will be kept on the same shelf as each other. I will take the pineapples out of the freezer and place the in the fridge 24 hours before the experiment, to make sure they are all the same temperature at the start. Method I will prepare the jelly, according to instructions on the packet. I will then pour it in to four petri dishes and put it in the fridge to set. Before pouring the jelly in to the dish, I will measure 3/4 of the way up of the dish and make a mark. This mark is where I will pour the jelly up to to make sure that there is the same amount of jelly, which reaches the same height in each dish. To prepare the pineapple, I will remove the top and bottom, stand vertically and remove the skin, cut in to quarters and remove the core. I will not use the core because this is not usually eaten so does not apply to the scenario where the pineapple was being used in food. I will be as consistent as possible with each pineapple to make sure that I am using the same type of tissue. I will then place the quarters in the blender for ten seconds and place in a labelled beaker (labelled A, B or C). Blending the pineapple will break walls of the pineapple tissue, meaning that the enzymes will be more exposed and take effect more quickly than if the pineapple had not been blended. (To take place as soon as possible after step 2) I will take the petri dishes out of the fridge and with a borer make three holes, as far away from each other as possible in the jelly of each of the dishes. I will label the dishes A, B, and C, and measure the diameter of each of the holes made by the borer with a ruler. I will number each of the holes by writing the number on the lid and placing it underneath the dish with numbers in the same place as the corresponding hole. I will use a pipette to place the pineapple pulp in to the holes. Each type of pineapple will be in its own, labelled petri dish. One of the petri dishes will not have any pineapple put in it, and will be used as a control. I will then put the petri dishes back in the fridge and leave them there for seven days. This is enough time for the enzyme, of even the ripest pineapple to take effect. Any longer than this, and the liquefied gel from each hole may join up, making it difficult to take measurements. Putting the dishes back in the fridge will prevent any bacteria or foreign bodies attaching to the jelly which could effect the results. I will start the timer the minute that I have placed the pineapple into the holes, and have a different timer for each petri dish so I know they have had exactly the same amount of time in the fridge. After every 24 hours, I will remove them from the fridge again. From research I have done, I have found that enzymes in the pineapple will turn the gelatine from a gel to a liquid. I will measure the diameter of the area that is liquid and record my results in a table as below.

Do You Make Any Money Writing

Do You Make Any Money Writing If you havent been asked this question, you will. Family, especially, are noted for asking if the time you invest in your work is worth the money derived from it. Its as if you are choosing to make what you do. Its as if you are too stupid to walk away when its the last thing you want to do. So, lets empower you a bit. The next time someone brings this question up, turn it around. Ask what they make in their job. Then ask if its the best they can make. Ask if they feel shortchanged. And when they say they deserve to make more, ask them why they arent hunting for another job. Then ask if the time they spend on their job is worth the money derived from it. Why are they working that job if they arent being compensated properly? Chances are, theyll tell you they have no choice. They need the work. They need the money. They hope to make more. They havent been able to find other work. Theyd leave if they could. Whatever the excuse, they will say the last thing they can do is quit. So, chances are theyll also add that they sure wish they could leave because they hate their situation, hate the boss, hate the grind. How do I know? Because 80 percent of people in the world hate their job. Thats when you say that you dont make what youd like to make either, but heaven forbid you have to quit because you love it so much. As a matter of fact, you are thrilled to be doing something you intensely enjoy, and it helps compensate for not making more money. On those days you feel you havent been paid enough, you still smile because thank goodness you are working in a profession you adore. That alone makes it all worthwhile. And then you add . . . you hope you never have to retire from it. Thatll shut them up.

Free writing journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Free writing journal - Essay Example It is a normal thing as we are similar or different from each other. But it is not easy to understand and accept that the large gap between the upper class and the lower class has negative results. It increases discrimination. It increases a negative acceptance of things, which would limit the skills and capabilities of individuals. Who would want to work hard when you know that no matter how much you work, you will always be at the bottom end of the scale? Sylvia may symbolize the social resistance existing within the society. But a single person or group’s effort is not enough. There should be a large social movement to create changes in the society. Isn’t it sad to see that the upper class has access to things that lower class do not have? Education, medicine, leisure. These are things that the upper class have more access to than lower class. Since they have the money, they can go to school without needing to skip classes almost everyday, or having to stop schooling for a year or two to save up for your education. Because they have the money, they can seek medical help whenever they’re not feeling well, even if it is just a simple headache. They also have more time to relax, and they can even go places, because they have the means. Those in the lower class have less means to have an education, less access to medical help and very little time for leisure. Why? Because they don’t have the money, and they h ave to keep on working just to sustain their daily